1. (p. 467.) Lines from Pablo Neruda's "Landscape after a Battle,''
Espafia en el corazon, translated by Paul Elitzik.
2. (p. 468.) Hugh Thomas, 1he Spanish Civil War (New York: Harper and Row, 1961), pp. 419-21.
3. (p. 468.) Certain nationalists asked why the International Brigades had not intervened in Ethiopia. This question struck home at the genuine sentiments of the masses in support of the Ethiopian people's cause and was used to confuse matters in the Black community. Indeed there was worldwide support among the international communist and anti-fascist forces for the Ethiopian people, but Haile Selassie had neither called for nor desired the assistance of the International Brigades.
4. (p. 470.) I have relied on these works to refresh my memory and found them to be some of the hest: Arthur Landis, The Abraham Linco/n Brigade (New York: The Citadel Press, 1967); Robert Colodny, The Struggle for Madrid (New York: Paine-Whitman, 1958); and Hugh Thomas, The Spanish Civil War.
5. (p. 473.) The POUM-the Workers Party of Marxist Unificationwas a Trotskyist group; their line denied the bourgeois-democratic nature of the struggle in S pain and called for immediate direct revolution for socialism. The POUM's followers charged that the united people's front government was betraying that revolution and put forward the slogan, "You may win the war and lose the revolution." They sti,tged an uprising in Barcelona on May 3, 1937, and virtually opened up the Aragon front to the fascists.
6. (p. 478.) With the defeat of Republican Spain in 1939, Dolores Ibarruri (La Pasionaria) fled to Moscow. She remained there until May 1977. I was sorry to see that lbarruri supported the revisionist takeover in the Soviet Union and, by the late fifties, had become a leading spokesperson for revisionism worldwide. Since her return to Spain, she has become a supporter of the Euro-Communist brand of revisionism.
7. (p. 486.) According to Landis (pp. 207,325), Usera was laterfound to be working for U .S. Army Intelligence.