1. (p. 176.) During theFrenchRevolution, onJuly 27, l794(the ninth of Thermidor, according to the revolutionary calendar), a gwup later called the Thermidorians seized power, executing Robespierre, Saint-Just and more than eighty other radical Jacobins. This began a counter-revolutionary trend which led to Napoleon's coup in 1799 an(i the restoration of several European monarchies in 1815.
2. (p. 176.) Stalin, Works, vol. 5, p. 394.
3. (p. 177.) History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)-Short Course (New York: International P'1blishers, 1939), p. 257. In this work, the Central Committee of the CPSU(B) sums up Lenin's views on the NEP:
A certain freedom of trade would give the peasant al\ economic incentive, induce him to produce more and would lead to a rapid improvement of agriculture ... on this basis, the state-owned industries would be restored and private capital displaced ... strength and resources having been accumulated, a powerful industry could be created as the economic foundation of Socialism, and then a determined offensive could be undertaken to destroy the remnants of capitalism in the country.
4. (p. 177.) Ibid., p. 257.
5. (p. 178.) Quoted in Stalin, Works, vol. 6, p. 393.
6. (p. 179.) Quoted in Stalin, Works, vol. 6, pp. 383-84.
7. (p. 179.) V. I. Lenin, Collected Works(Moscow: ProgressPublishers.
1964), vol. 21, pp. 418-19. It is here that Lenin shows, in opposition to Trotsky, that imperialism and especially war "strengthened the economic and political factors that are impelling the petty bourgtoisie, including the peasantry, to the left.''
8. (p. 179.) Stalin, Works, vol. 6, p. 384. Stalin pointedout that "Lenin speaks of the alliance between the proletariat and the labouring strata of the peasantry as the basis of the dictatorship of the proktariat. Trotsky sees a 'hostile collision' between the 'proletarian vanguar�• and 'the broad masses of the peasantry.' "
9. (p. 180.) Stalin, Works, vol. 6, p. 382.
IO. (p. 180.) Ibid., p. 385.
11. (p. 180.) Lenin, Collected Works, vol. 21, p. 419.
12. (p. 181.) Lenin, "The Revolutionary Proletariat a,d the Right of Nations to Self-Determination," ibid., p. 409.
BLACK BOLSHEVIK
13. (p. 181.) In the fifties and sixties, many communist parties dropped their revolutionary principles and launched vicious attacks on Stalin, opening the way for a temporary resurgence of Trotskyism. A new generation then learned first-hand how Trotskyism uses revolutionary phrases to cover its attacks on every progressive movement, taking every opportunity to stander socialist China. They promoted slogans like "All Indochina Must Go Communist" as an excuse for their opposition to the popularly-supported National Liberation Front of Vietnam. In current struggles in the Black liberation movement, they have liquidated the necessity for a revolutionary program of struggle, promoting instead reliance on the courts and other brands of reformism.
14. (p. 183.) International Press Correspondence, January 12, 1927, p, 63. (Hereinafter cited as lnprecorr.)