CHAPTER FIVE

1. (p. 148.) The January 17, 1926, edition of the Sunday _ _iyew York

Times carried an article titled "Communists Boring into Negro La bor." It included such sensational subheads as:

•Taking Advantage of the New Moves Among Colored Workers Here to Stir Unrest

•Not Much Progress Yet

•Ten Young Negroes are Sent to Moscow Under Soviet

"Scholarships" to Study Bolshevism

•Nuclei Sought in Unions

•Labor Federation and Older Leaders of the Race Seek Antidotes in Real Labor Unions.

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2. (p. 151.) John Reed, Ten Days that Shook the World (New York: Boni and Liverwright, 1919).

3. (p. 157.) Stalin saw the university having two lines of activity: "one line having the aim of creating cadres capable of serving the needs of the Soviet republics of the East, and the other line having the aim of creating cadres capable of serving the revolutionary requirements of the toiling masses in the colonial and dependent countries of the East." J. V. Stalin,

"The Political Tasks of the Univers i ty of the Peoples of the East," Works (Moscow: Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1953), vol. 6, p. 382.

4. (p. 157.) See J.V. Stalin, Foundations of Leninism (Peking: Foreign Languages Press, 1975), pp. 72-83.

5. (p. 159.) Ibid., p. 77.

6. (p. 171.) Permit me briefly to define these terms which I will be using quite often throughout the rest of the hook.

The Comintern (Communist International or Third International) was founded in Moscow in March 1919 and dissolved in 1943. The Comintern was founded in a period of revolutionary upsurge and in direct opposition to the leaders of the Second International, who had endorsed support for their own imperialist bourgeoisies in the First W orld War. A voluntary association of communist parties, the Comintern gave revolutionary leadership during a very important period in history, building communist parties around the world and developing united fronts against fascism in the thirties. Particularly significant among its theoretical contributions were the theses on the national and colonial questions.

The Crestintern, or Peasant International, was founded at the International Peasant Conference in Moscow in 1923, with the express purpose of "coordinating peasant organizations and the efforts of the peasants to achieve workers' and peasants' internationals." It was dissolved in 1939.

The Profintern, or Red International of Labor Unions (RILU), was founded in 1921 and played an important role in the development of the labor movement until its dissolution in the late thirties. The Profintern's program called for the overthrow of capitalism and the establishment of the dictatorship of the proletariat. To this end, it gave leadership to the struggles of the working masses worldwide, adding, as Foster wrote, "a new dimension" to the la bor movement by carrying trade unionism to the colonial and semi-colonial countries.

See also William Z. Foster, History of the Three Internationals (New York: International Publishers, 1955).

The District Organizer, also referred to as the "D.O.," is the head of the leading body in the Party district and is in overall charge of the district's

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work. The D.O.'s primary responsibility is to give political leadership in carrying out the Party's line.