I. (p. 5.) W. E. B. DuBois, Dusk of Dawn (New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1940), p. 96.
2. (p. 21.) On April 12, 1864, 6,000 Confederate soldiers commanded by an ex-slave trader, Major General Nathan Forrest, overran the 600
defenders of Fort Pillow, Tennessee, including 262 Blacks. After the fort was sµrrendered, Forrest's troops massacred every Black soldier who failed to escape. Some were shot, others were burned or buried alive. This was in line with the official Confederate policy that Black soldiers would be treated as stolen property, not prisoners of war.
Reference to the incident can be found in the following works: Lerone Bennett, Jr., Before the Mayflower: A History of the Negro in America (Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1966), pp. 175-76; John Hope Franklin, From Slavery to Freedom, 3rd ed. (New York: Alfred Knopf, 1967), p.
292; Carl Sandburg, Storm over the Land (New York: Harcourt, Brace und Company, 1942), pp. 245-48; Bruce Catton, A Stillness at Appomattox (New York: Doubleday and Company, 1953), p. 233.